All Questions
Tagged with immune-system covid-19
50 questions
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Does prior COVID infection increase or decrease mortality on COVID reinfection?
One recent large scale study found that a prior COVID infection doubles your risk of dying when you later catch a subsequent COVID infection.
This study followed 5 million people in the Veterans ...
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1
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Antibodies and Immune system
I was just educated by my physician about some details of the differences between the qualitative and the semi-quantitative COVID-19 antibody tests. I understand now that the result of the semi-...
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Vaccine death efficacy calculation and how it works
I am no medical expert, am just curious how vaccines work in general, especially in preventing severe illness and deaths. I have read articles, seen videos on youtube, and seen how efficacy is ...
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Using Pfizer as a booster dose if someone was vaccinated with Sinopharm: what is good practice? [closed]
I am curious if there is established practice of using Pfizer as a booster dose if a person was vaccinated with Sinopharm.
One example I think is here which says it is possible
https://www....
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what is risk of breakthrough infection with pfizer and delta?
There is varying information on this topic, does anybody know is there is any consensus on the rate of breakthrough infections with delta and pfizer vaccine?
https://www.cnbc.com/2021/07/23/delta-...
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3
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Why is booster shot needed when mRNA vaccines can induce memory cells?
My understanding about mRNA Covid-19 vaccines and memory cell is that they do induce memory T cell response similar to natural infection, and thus provide long term protection via the memory cell ...
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Covid-19 incubation period for vaccinated people
1The incubation period for covid-19 can be even something like 14 days. I guess this can be caused by having no specific immunity to this disease, so it takes some time for the immune system to react. ...
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Do covid vaccines increase the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement?
A QAnon video which takes Nobel Prize winner Luc Montagnier's suspect claims about covid vaccination and multiplies them beyond recognition states that mass vaccination will lead to mass ADE, and that ...
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Why do some vaccines cause flu-like symptoms? Why does this seem to be more severe in mRNA vaccines?
Flu like symptoms are noted as possible reactions on nearly every vaccine I've had since adolescence, but I've never actually seen these symptoms in myself or anyone, until now? I don't doubt that ...
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What is the historical or scientific basis for concern about COVID vaccines and pregnant women and their babies?
There's a lot of talk about whether COVID vaccines are safe for pregnant women and their fetuses. Current guidelines, while mentioning that there's little data, suggest that they are safe. However, I'...
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When speaking of vaccine efficacy (for COVID-19, or other), is immune response or efficacy really being measured? [duplicate]
I've been performing many web searches using combinations of the words "vaccine", "vaccination", "COVID-19", "coronavirus", "efficacy", and "...
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Covid-19 and Original Antigenic Sin
My understanding of original antigenic sin, which I admit is minimal, is that with some pathogens, your immune system gets too focused on one variant and thus is wholly unprepared to deal with a ...
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Is there any data on herbal supplements interfering with the efficacy of vaccination?
Here's an excerpt from a paper published in "Journal of Inflammation Research" by Dove Press for a popular and controversial herbal supplement from India:
Coronil effectively inhibited the ...
user20181
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Are coronavirus-like spikes only seen in viruses?
Are there any natural proteins or cells (or anything) made by the human body with spikes like those of Covid-19?
I know that there have been no serious side effects reported from the Covid-19 vaccine, ...
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What protection does T-cell immunity confer for Covid?
This preprint, which was just released today, says that while some of the Covid-19 variants evade antibody immunity, they do not evade T-cell immunity. It says that this is true both of T-cell ...
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Will the COVID-19 vaccine grant immunity to other coronaviruses?
As I understand it, the mRNA vaccine teaches the immune system to recognize and attack the spike protein on the surface of the novel coronavirus. Don't all coronaviruses share this same spike protein? ...
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How can a vaccine prevent an individual from getting a disease but not from transmitting it?
In the news about the COVID-19 vaccines which are about to begin distribution, I've seen statements to the effect that "it’s not clear if the shot keeps the disease from being transmitted" (...
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Covid vaccine side effects [closed]
The Pfizer Covid vaccine caused allergic reactions. For patients that are deemed to be at an increased risk of adverse side effects following a risk assessment (e.g. because of diabetes, heart disease)...
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Why COVID-19 "immunogenicity may be 70%"?
The USA CDC director Dr. Robert Redfield was recently quoted in the media as saying:
"I might even go so far as to say that this face mask is more guaranteed to protect me against Covid than ...
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Is inoculation against covid-19 an option?
Covid-19 can cause serious illness or death, and it can take survivors a very long time to recover, and even then it is unsure if recovery will be complete.
The policies put in place to curb the ...
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Can this method of immunization for horses serve as a COVID-19 vaccine for humans?
A group of scientist developed Equine polyclonal antibodies (EpAbs) obtained after immunization of horses with the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 viral Spike glycoprotein.
https://ri....
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How to measure how long does a vaccine last?
Recently I read someone arguing against pharmaceuticals saying COVID 19 vaccine immunity would last around a year. His argument was that how do they know that it's good for a year if a year has not ...
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How long does it take for the COVID-19 antibody to disappear?
I saw a news article says; 90 days after the infection with ncov19, several patients had no detectable antibodies in their bloodstream. This seems to be one of their evidence that immunity against ...
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Can SARS-CoV-2 possibly overcome herd immunity without mutation in densely populated countries and places? [closed]
Can the coronavirus that causes covid-19 possibly overcome herd immunity without mutation using immune individuals as hubs till it reaches vulnerable individuals in very densely populated countries ...
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What are the effects of repeated sub-infective doses of coronavirus?
There are experimental records and clinical observations showing that exposure to sub-infective doses of some pathogens can result in enhanced immunity to infection when exposed to an infective dose ...
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What is the long-term COVID-19 outlook?
Finding a cure for the common cold has long been an unattainable holy grail of medicine.
The common cold is caused by over 200 different strains of viruses (Common cold - Wikipedia).
The viruses ...
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What is the Fatality Rate of the Common Cold? [closed]
During COVID-19, we've heard many comparisons between SARS-CoV-2 and the Flu, especially in terms of the case fatality rate (CFR). Currently, the Flu is thought to be around 0.1%, and according to the ...
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False Positive PCR - COVID-19 and possible reinfection when antibodies value is +7.0
A friend of mine was detected COVID-19 positive through PCR one month back. He was asymptotic as per doctors and had no symptoms.
He quarantined himself and increased his intake of water.
After 1 ...
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Are there diseases for which infection does not grant lasting immunity but a vaccine does?
There has been a lot of discussion about whether people who have COVID-19 and recover will have long-lasting immunity. At the same time, work is underway to create a vaccine for this disease. But if ...
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MHC haplotypes and COVID-19 [closed]
Have there been any studies done looking at samples of MHC haplotypes in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2?
It would be interesting to see if certain HLA polymorphisms are associated with more ...
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Has World Health Organization provided nutrition/diet/exercise guidelines to strengthen the human immune system for better responding to COVID-19?
Medical sciences is not my subject but my personal feeling is that:
A strengthen immune system can better respond to viruses than a weak immune system.
A balanced diet in combination with exercise ...
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What does it mean to say a population has “low levels of general immunity”?
The UN Humanitarian Coordinator in Yemen, Lisa Grande, is quoted in several places (e.g. this CBS news article as saying (emphasis mine):
[SARS-CoV-2] is now in Yemen and may quickly spread. […] ...
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What is the minimal infectious dose (MID) of SARS-CoV-2?
Assuming the immune system is healthy,
How much SARS-CoV-2 virus (cause of COVID-19) is required to make a person sick?
This might also depend on time, if it was a high infectious dose but just some ...
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What would count as definitive proof that humans can develop COVID-19 immunity?
There are currently numerous debates over whether or not people who have recovered from COVID-19 develop immunity to the disease. By the standards of the the scientific community, what kind of proof ...
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How can Stockholm be close to herd immunity without having overwhelmed the healthcare system?
According to several sources, models estimate 20% of people in Stockholm are already immune to COVID-19 (2014-04-22). However, German virologists estimate (2020-04-19) that to reach herd immunity in ...
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Do coronavirus antibodies give you any immunity?
According to Coronavirus antibodies may not make you immune, WHO warns
There is no evidence to suggest that recovered coronavirus patients and former asymptomatic carriers who have coronavirus ...
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Is it possible for humans to be resistant to certain viral infections without having specific antibodies in their blood?
Popular understanding of how viruses work split immunity into four categories:
Virus doesn't affect humans at all
No immunity - will get worst possible infection, seems to be the case with COVID-19
...
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If COVID-19 binds to GRP78 could a GRP78 dose inactivate the virus?
This research found that the COVID-19 spike protein binds to the cell surface receptor GRP78.
If we could inject a large amount of GRP78 into patients could it saturate the virus particles, and ...
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Can you recover from COVID-19, and then be reinfected so as to be a danger to other people?
Assuming I've contracted COVID-19 this January and made a full recovery and the antibodies have already left my body again. Now, I come into contact with someone who is sick and I inhale some COVID-19 ...
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What is the point of herd immunity?
A few weeks ago the UK has been debating about herd immunity.
I understand that when most people are immune to a disease, then the disease is harder to spread. However, how are they going to ...
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What's the best time of year to purposely contract COVID? [closed]
Before the vaccine for German measles was available, girls were encouraged to expose themselves to a friend or acquaintance who had the disease, to acquire immunity, so that they would not end up ...
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If I get COVID-19, can I get cured by myself?
Suppose I get infected by COVID-19.
I am a healthy person but with weight issues, according to the standard weight tables.
Can my immune system cure me by itself? That is, without the need of ...
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Is this explanation of coronavirus accurate?
I have seen the following post popping up on Facebook recently:
🧐🧐🧐
Feeling confused as to why Coronavirus is a bigger deal than Seasonal
flu? Here it is in a nutshell. I hope this ...
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How would the tuberculosis vaccine (BCG) decrease severity of COVID-19?
Two academic hospitals in The Netherlands (Nijmegen and Utrecht) just got approval to experiment with using a tuberculosis vaccine (BCG) to try to better protect hospital workers against coronavirus.
...
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Could an infinitesimal amount of Covid-19 be used to trigger immune response?
Could one be injected with an infinitesimal amount of Covid-19 viral particles, in a way that it would trigger an immune response long enough before the virus overran the body? Could it be injected ...
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Is a patient who has an autoimmune disease immunocompromised?
If a patient has an autoimmune disease - Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, for example - and is not on immunosuppressants, are they at a higher, lower or equal risk of ending up with COVID-19 (or any other ...
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How can immunity be developed without a vaccine? (re Merkel's speech)
Recently, German Chancellor Angela Merkel gave a speech about the importance of slowing down Covid-19. Among her remarks were
The most important thing, the chancellor said, is to slow down the ...
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How long should I stay isolated after I recover from COVID-19?
If a person gets COVID-19 and (hopefully) recovers at home without being hospitalized, how long should that person stay isolated before they can return to social interaction?
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Does immunity to some coronavirus confer any immunity to other strains?
Genetic sequencing of COVID-19 in China in December 2019 revealed two strains of the virus, identified as S and L, with S being the ancestral version while L was more prevalent (70:30 ratio) and more ...
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Will COVID-19 survivors develop immunity from future infections?
For this question, assume that the virus does not mutate.
Can survivors be expected to develop immunity?
Why or why not (what is the thought process)?
The CDC FAQ indicates that they do not know:
Q: ...
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