Questions tagged [blood]
The liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and other vertebrate animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body, or an internal bodily fluid that performs a similar function in invertebrates.
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Why do they put salt in a "saline" intravenous infusion?
Why do they put 0.9 mg/ml salt (NaCl, sodium chloride) into intravenous infusions?
(Especially in emergency situations)
The common assertion I find is "it helps keeping veins open", but ...
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Why doesn't dissolved gas in blood come out of solution?
From "Ganongs Review of Medical Physiology" (26th Edition)
The partial pressure of a gas in a liquid is the pressure that, in the gaseous phase in equilibrium with the liquid, would produce ...
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How many milliliters of various blood products can be derived from whole blood and apheresis donations?
I am doing some research on blood products and the donation process, and I was hoping someone here might be able to help.
Specifically, I'm looking for information on approximately (a range of ...
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Why isn’t porphyria treated with ferrochelatase supplementation?
Erythropoietic protoporphyria is a disorder characterized by ferrochelatase enzyme deficiency in all tissues. Ferrochelatase puts the iron in protoporphyrin to make haem.
Other enzyme deficiencies ...
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Can autologous serum eye drops clot if left out of the fridge?
We got some autologous serum eye drops for our dog to help treat a stubborn ulcer, and she has been on them for a few days now, however, when bringing the drops back from my mums house to mine, I ...
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Vein viewers - are they any good in real life?
I'm not a medical professional. My wife has really-hard-to-find veins and every time she has a venipuncture, it's really long and complicated process for half an hour, multiple nurses are trying and ...
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How does blood flow change between systolic and diastolic phases?
Summary
What is the change in flow between systolic and diastolic phases specifically in the muscular arteries? There is a lot of information on how pressure changes between these phases (see graph) ...
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People who can't receive O negative blood?
In Season 5, episode 3 of New Amsterdam (also here), a patient can't receive O negative blood.
I, being "O neg", always thought that absolutely everyone, without exception could get O ...
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is glue embolization the last frontier in Intracranial aneurysms research?
I very very recently started researching the field of intracranial aneurysms (ICA) and I have this question about that glue or gel that some people talk about.
To me, who I am just learning the basic ...
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What part of the skeleton produces the most blood cells?
If I understood correctly, blood cells (haematids, leukocytes, platelets, etc.) are made in red bone marrow, which is in many bones of the body, but specially in some bones and fewer with development.
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How can warming your feet send cold blood to your heart?
From the Mayo Clinic:
Heat applied to the arms and legs forces cold blood back toward the heart, lungs and brain, causing the core body temperature to drop. This can be fatal.
Can someone explain ...
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What is the normal range of platelet count and does this differ with age and sex?
I am trying to study the normal range of platelet counts and there are various sources out there on the internet on this topic. The article What do high or low platelet count levels mean? suggests ...
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What causes air bubbles/air glugs when getting blood drawn with a vacutainer system?
As I understand it, the vacutainer system used in modern phlebotomy should never result in air bubbles “glugging” into the vacutainer tube when blood is drawn from a patient.
However, today I learned ...
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Multiple blood-type results [closed]
What would be the reason for multiple blood-type results for one person? All taken from 2 hospitals (best hospitals in the state), doctor's offices, blood donations.
Blood drawn after birth (written ...
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Is Omega-3 Consumption Associated with Lowering of LDL cholesterol?
I found some conflicting information on whether omega-3 consumption is associated with decreased LDL levels.
This says:
Increase dietary omega-3s: Consuming more omega-3-rich foods like
wild-caught ...
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Child has A+ blood group when both parents are O+
Based on my understanding of blood group tables, such as the one below a child can only get O blood group when both parents have O as their blood group. In a close relative's case, while her parents ...
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What are risks associated with injection made by a non-sterile needle?
On a regular vaccination, I've been handled by an unprofessional staff, who ( while preparing the injection needle) touched her hands 2 times to the injection needle (staff wore the gloves, but they ...
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Does infectious hemophilia exist?
Coagulopathies or bleeding disorders, like hemophilia, and Von Willebrand's syndrome, are diseases in which the blood's ability to coagulate is impaired.
But, is there an infectious disease that can ...
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Why is heparin contraindicated in patients with severe hypertension?
Heparin is a parenteral anti coagulant- prevents clot formation by inhibiting factors 2 a and 10 a mainly. Now, patients with severe uncontrolled hypertension- have persistent bp of more than 140/90. ...
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Measuring Carotid pulse
The Mayo clinic advises us to use our index and long finger to take our carotid pulse:
Is there a reason to not use other fingers? Do the others have stronger pulses that we want to avoid mistakening?...
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What is a normal lower limit for blood oxygen (sp02)?
I've noticed that my blood oxygen is nearly always in the 95-98 range whereas my wife is 98-99.
I'm healthy with no known conditions whereas she has asthma.
What is the normal range for healthy humans ...
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Hyphema type that doesn't pool?
I'm gonna be honest here, I'm writing a story where a guy has the classical evil red eyes you can find everywhere, and I want to base it in science. I've thought about posting this on worldbuilding, ...
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Is the frequency of Korotkoff beats equal to the pulse rate?
When measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer (BP cuff), you listen for Korotkoff sounds caused by turbulent blood flow through the artery. They appear as beating noises. Is this beating ...
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The state of glucose in the blood
I have a simple question regarding glucose and the blood, for which I have not been able to find a satisfactory answer through some independent research through Google.
How is the glucose in the blood ...
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Why is there a difference between venous bicarbonate and bicarbonate in ABG?
Lets say a serum blood test shows bicarbonate of 20mmol/l but an ABG of 15mmol/l, both tests taken 3 minutes apart in a person with acute metabolic acidosis with compensation. Can anyone explain why ...
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Does erythrocyte aggregation serve a useful function?
Wikipedia states that erythrocyte aggregation causes disease:
Conversely, the presence of rouleaux is a cause of disease because it
will restrict the flow of blood throughout the body because
...
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Can I calculate the blood pressure and pulse based on a given blood loss
Is there a function, graph, guideline or rule where I can see how a change in blood volume changes other relevant values?
E. g. for every 1% of blood volume lost, heart rate rises 2 beats per minute, ...
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How can I take blood pressure into the cardiac output formula?
I wanted to know if there is some kind of formula that can help me calculate the cardiac output.
So, lets say we have a standing person. The StrokVolume should be around 100 cm2 for the average adult, ...
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Is low immature reticulocyte fraction after an acute hemolytic crisis normal?
All following data are theoretical and not real:
A patient had a hemolytic crisis without anemia proven by elevated reticulocytes, elevated unconjugated bilirubin and normal hemoglobin and erythrocyte ...
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Would it make sense to use aspirin as a prophylactic against covid-related blood clotting?
Autopsies indicate blood clots are lethal in COVID-19. So what Is Known About COVID-19 and Abnormal Blood Clotting?
I was trying to think of something that might cut down on deaths from covid-19, ...
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Haemopoiesis (blood cell development) in bone marrow
I am currently studying the textbook Hoffbrand's Essential Haematology, eighth edition, by A. Victor Hoffbrand and David P. Steensma. Chapter 1 Haemopoiesis says the following:
During normal ...
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What happens when you put O+ blood in O- body
What happens when you put O+ blood in a O- body?
I know O- can be put in everywhere but what happens, when you put a blood group in a body that would fit the group, but mismatches the rhesus factor.
I ...
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Does vasodilation in one part of the body mean another part of the body must vasoconstrict?
The body has a set volume of blood, so when someone is given nitrates to vasodilate (primarily) their veins, would this not increase the total volume of the vessels in the body? If this is the case, I ...
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Does the blood removed from the body still have immunity?
I know that blood contains white blood cells (which attack pathogens). Suppose we take half a liter of blood out of the body and implant the virus into it. Can the white blood cells in that half a ...
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Why can't simple blood transfusions be used for treatment of COVID-19, instead of plasma transfusions? [closed]
It has been recently been shown that convalescent plasma from previously infected patients can be used to help others gain immunity against the disease. But why do we need to use plasma for this ...
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Is it possible for humans to be resistant to certain viral infections without having specific antibodies in their blood?
Popular understanding of how viruses work split immunity into four categories:
Virus doesn't affect humans at all
No immunity - will get worst possible infection, seems to be the case with COVID-19
...
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Average temperature of blood versus core body temperature
I have read the blood is warmer than the same body's core temperature. The core temperature is known to be 37 degrees, and I have been told the average blood temperature is 38 degrees. This was in my ...
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A study about blood differences and the risk for COVID-19
On healthline it's mentioned a recent study that came out of Wuhan, China; it’s published on a website, but hasn’t yet been reviewed by peers.
In the study, scientists looked at the blood types of ...
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Is there a point of being an Organ Donor if my blood type is AB Negative?
What is the point of anyone being an organ donor if their blood type is AB Negative?
What are the chances someone is going to need your organs at that specific time frame after you die?
Or am I ...
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Why transfused blood has lower 2,3 - BPG levels
I read the following quote in the textbook Kaplan Biochemistry (2018 edition, page 183):
Transfused blood has lower than expected 2,3 BPG levels, making it less efficient at delivering oxygen to ...
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Does blood pressure have a daily pattern?
before nothing I am not a doctor, I am a simple programmer that likes to read about medicial sciencies. I've read in this book that the blood pressure it very important; is it really?
Then I have ...
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What's the primary body entrance + surface of infection for catching the flu?
I realize there are multiple ways, but if you tallied up all the people who caught the flu or a cold last year, what would be the majority...
Entrance for infection:
Mouth
Nose
Eyes
Ears
Skin
Bio ...
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Crystalloid infusion during anaphylactic shock
My text book states that intravenous crystalloid infusion is a method of treating anaphylactic shock.
I can't get why, as there is no fluid loss in case of anaphylactic shock, at least that is what ...
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How reliable is the determination method of reference ranges for blood tests?
A reference range is usually defined as the set of values 95 percent
of the normal population falls within (that is, 95% prediction
interval). It is determined by collecting data from vast numbers ...
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Being excluded from blood donation due to using protein supplementation
I used another clinic from the ones I usually donate blood. The doctor that was responsible for taking my history in regards to approving me as a donor after the usual questions asked me if I use ...
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Would gargling salt water every day increase sodium absorption levels?
Do you absorb sodium through your gums, mouth and throat when gargling and rinsing salt water? Considering the fact that sublingual medication is a very effective way for introducing substances ...
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How is blood cleared from the body after internal bleeding
How is blood that flows out of vessels during internal bleeding cleared from the area (by the body, not medical professionals) once the bleeding stops? I am assuming via the lymphatic system; but I've ...
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How to calculate my "approximate" mortality rate while in ICU?
To make a long story as short as possible for context, I was rushed to the ER while in cardiac arrest back in 2014. Heart stopped beating momentarily and lost oxygen to the part of my brain. None of ...
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How does Psoriasis change the biochemistry of blood?
I read somewhere that Psoriasis can increase the amount of uric acid in the bloodstream by about 10%, increasing the chance of gout:psoriasis
Is this the only biochemical change in the bloodstream ...
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How many valves per distance are common in veins?
Veins have valves to prevent backflow of blood. I am looking for a value the indicates on average how far apart those valves would be.
There are valves in most veins to prevent backflow. source
...
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