Questions tagged [vaccination]
Use this tag for questions related to the development, administration, or monitoring of a treatment intended to produce immunity against a communicable disease.
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Are vaccinated people more or less healthy than unvaccinated people in the long term?
Do peer-reviewed studies exist comparing the long-term health outcomes, broadly defined, between children who receive the current, full recommended vaccine schedule vs. completely un-vaccinated ...
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Blood count and adenovirus vaccines
Some covid-19 adenovirus vaccines including AstraZenca and Johnson & Johnson are found to have potential link to a rare albeit serious side effect resulting in blood clots with low platelets, ...
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How bad are covid vaccines? [closed]
For the past year I've been hearing about people claiming that those who took the covid jabs are dropping like flies. I even hear people claim that the covid vaccinations are depopulation tools and ...
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Does prior COVID infection increase or decrease mortality on COVID reinfection?
One recent large scale study found that a prior COVID infection doubles your risk of dying when you later catch a subsequent COVID infection.
This study followed 5 million people in the Veterans ...
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Why is the age limit of 45 on HPV vaccine?
https://www.mskcc.org/news/think-you-re-too-old-get-hpv-vaccine-prevent-cancer-maybe-not#:~:text=Now%2C%20men%20and%20women%20up,people%20in%20their%20mid%2D40s.
Over the years, researchers have ...
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How would you properly interpret this graph? [closed]
I recently came across this article and I am having a hard time trying to properly interpret this graph. The graph is pictured below. Below that is the actual link to the article. I appreciate any ...
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The hidden cost of skipping nursery between 1-3 years to avoid "avoidable" infections
Assuming families have the option to provide child care for babies either at home (1-on-1) or at the nursery (in groups of 10-15 babies), which option is a better strategy from the point of view of ...
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Are there any covid-19 vaccine side effects that can't be gained from a covid infection?
Some side effects from a covid vaccine are caused by the patient's immune system's response to the vaccine - for example myocarditis (source 1, source 2) - which will therefore also occur from a covid ...
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Does a shorter COVID-19 vaccination interval increase efficacy of booster vaccines?
In performing research on COVID-19 vaccines, I came across this WebMD article regarding the efficacy of bivalent boosters against recent COVID-19 variants.
The article includes a quote from Dr. Hana ...
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Do mRNA Vaccines tend to work only for a short period of time?
The two significant mRNA vaccines are for COVID and there effect is only about 6 months. Is there a cause and effect relationship here? That is, do mRNA vaccines tend to only last a short period of ...
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In what situations can vaccination lead to autism-like symptoms?
Autism Expert: Case Is "Rare"
A pediatrician who serves on a childhood vaccine advisory committee
for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services sees the case
differently. "To say ...
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Does this Covid-19 vaccine study suggests a 1 to 718 rate of adverse effects?
As I have not much skill in reading medical research, I wanted to verify my calculation of this research result.
A big peer-reviewed research paper entitled Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 ...
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Have any regulatory agencies announced they would allow live Covid-19 human challenges (for vaccine testing purposes)?
It's been mentioned to me in the discussion on another question that the following proposal has been advanced (in a medical journal):
Controlled human challenge trials of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ...
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What is the vaccine protocol for making sure someone has protection with regard to the Tdap/Td vaccines?
Understand that both Td and Tdap are adult vaccines and that Td is essentially a booster and Tdap also has protection for pertussis. What happens if someone is given the Td, but not the Tdap? Should ...
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Administration of Covid Vaccine for Small Children in the EU
Is there a way to see the progress of the administration of Covid vaccines for small children (age under five) in the EU?
It is not easy to find all information in the usual news sources.
Maybe there ...
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Why do we need booster shots, for some viruses but not the others?
When being vaccinated we are given viruses that have been killed or made 'not working' in some other way. Then we get B and T cells that can 'kill' it.
For example, for polio, memory B and T cells ...
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Rationale for tuberculosis vaccines?
I don't understand the rationale behind tuberculosis vaccines.
As I understand tuberculosis is a chronic disease that takes weeks to develop. Obviously if a person only requires 10 days to develop an ...
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Why are some vaccines 100% effective while others aren’t? [closed]
Why are some vaccines, like for rabies, 100% effective at treating someone while others, like the covid 19 vaccine, isn’t.
Disclaimer: not a dumb vaccine skeptic or anything just genuinely curious.
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Are there any downsides in getting vaccinated with the Pfizer or Moderna COVID vaccine after having received the Johnson & Johnson's COVID-19 vaccine?
I read on
https://www.usnews.com/news/health-news/articles/2021-07-01/reports-of-some-getting-pfizer-moderna-boosters-after-j-j-vaccine-prompts-calls-for-more-guidance (mirror):
With the delta ...
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Can someone point me to a good, up-to-date review article on the effectiveness of vaccines against the omicron variant of the coronavirus?
I would like to learn about the effectiveness of vaccines against the omicron variant of the coronavirus. I believe a review article from a scientific journal would have the best information. I ...
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Why is the rate of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus disease booming?
The wikipedia entry on polio vaccines has the 1st graph below, showing that the rate of vaccine derived polio has increased massively over the last few years, with the rate of 1089 cases in 2020 ...
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How long will rabies viruses remain alive in human body after an infected person receive the full series of vaccinations and treatment? [closed]
Will the rabies viruses eventually be exterminated from an infected individual after the full vaccination/treatment series? Otherwise will it remain in the human body forever despite vaccination?
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How well does COVID vaccination protect against brain damage from COVID?
I have read that even mild infections with the Corona virus causes significant brain damage in a large number of cases: Could mild COVID symptoms lead to brain damage?
Therefore, it is natural to ask ...
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How can vaccines be effective against respiratory viruses when it is the innate immune system that is the primary response to such pathogens?
I don't understand how vaccines can be thought to be effective against respiratory viruses. We have influenza "vaccines" and now the new mRNA vaccine against COVID-19. However, my ...
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Effectiveness of COVID-19 "booster" (typically the third shot) when being administered after a long time following the initial two doses
In layman's terms, "booster" seems to mean to enhance upon the initial vaccination dose(s). This article suggests administering it after about six months.
I am considering having the third ...
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Is booster dose needed for chinese vaccines
I can't seem to easily find such information and would greatly appreciate some help. Does anyone have information if booster (third) dose is required or recommended for Chinese Covid vaccine sinopharm?...
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Did covid vaccine studies use an active placebo (with side effects)?
I know that the studies done by Pfizer, et al, used standard methods with a placebo control group. If you read about blinded experiments here, it mentions:
A common cause for unblinding is the ...
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Which is the best COVID-19 booster dose for a patient in their forties?
The Iranian government now recommends booster doses for those 40 years old or older. Most people in Iran were vaccinated with Sinopharm. For a booster, they can choose between Sinopharm, Astrazenk, ...
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How durable is a human immunity to an adenovirus (at least specific serotypes)?
There are few SARS-Cov-2 vaccines that use adenovirus vectors as vehicles (human's Ad5, Ad26, chimps' ChAdOx1, probably something else). A side effect of such a vaccine is that an inoculated organism ...
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Using Pfizer as a booster dose if someone was vaccinated with Sinopharm: what is good practice? [closed]
I am curious if there is established practice of using Pfizer as a booster dose if a person was vaccinated with Sinopharm.
One example I think is here which says it is possible
https://www....
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How soon after the second Sinopharm jab can you safely get a Pfizer booster jab?
Imagine someone was in a hurry to get high immunity (the Sinopharm jabs are said to be at best only moderately effective) , or there was a free Pfizer booster jab available for a limited time.
What is ...
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The number of new cases of COVID
I have noticed that the number of new Covid cases in the United States is running roughly 100,000 per day and increasing. What percentage of those new cases are people that are fully vaccinated?
In an ...
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What are the risks associated with imidazoquinoline adjuvant (used in one Covid-19 vaccine) related to development of autoimmune diseases?
Covaxin is an inactivated virus-based COVID-19 vaccine developed by Bharat Biotech. Recently, the Brazilian health regulator Anvisa raised few concerns regarding Covaxin, one of which was- use of a ...
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What is the mechanism through which TLR 7/8 agonist is useful as an adjuvant in an inactivated vaccine?
My layman understanding is that a Toll like receptor (TLR) is an entity that detects foreign substances in the body and creates an alert about them and an appropriate response ensues. A TLR 7 and 8 ...
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Why are mRNA vaccines not yet available against other diseases?
The mRNA vaccines against developing COVID-19 are obviously the first approved mRNA vaccines. We are probably at the beginning of an mRNA vaccine evolution. I've recently read a very interesting ...
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Where is the data for Covid-19 vaccine safety in medium term and/or for people with chronic health conditions?
I have several middle-aged relatives which are... let's say postponing their vaccination due to fears of their safety. Now, I know there are some people who will never be convinced by anything, ...
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For how long does the legal requirement to report deaths after COVID-19 vaccination to VAERS last?
The US Health and Human Services VAERS FAQ for COVID-19 says (emphasis in original):
What adverse events should healthcare providers report to VAERS after COVID-19 vaccination?
[...] Healthcare ...
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Why aren't mRNA vaccines being updated for new variants?
From what I understand, updating an mRNA vaccine is trivial. According to this answer, no or small clinical trials would be needed to update the vaccine, and updating production would also be trivial. ...
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CDC - Severity of Disease Among Adults Hospitalized - Covid
The cdc published
Severity of Disease Among Adults Hospitalized with
Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Before and During the Period of
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Predominance — COVID-NET, 14 States,
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Vaccine death efficacy calculation and how it works
I am no medical expert, am just curious how vaccines work in general, especially in preventing severe illness and deaths. I have read articles, seen videos on youtube, and seen how efficacy is ...
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Why do some vaccines have only a short protection span?
Why does the rabies vaccine have only a limited longevity of around 2 years (source: immunize.org), while the hepatitis b vaccine has a longevity of more than 25 years (source: CDC)?
In addition, if ...
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Will the COVID-19 virus ever stop mutating into new variants? [closed]
I am curious to know if it has been discussed within the medical community as to whether the COVID-19 virus will ever stop mutating into new variants, and if it has been discussed, what is the ...
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How many people end up needing medical attention during the 15 minute window after receiving the Pfizer vaccine?
Everyone receiving the COVID vaccines is asked to wait for 15 minutes in case they have a bad reaction to the shot. Given that we've now had hundreds of millions of Pfizer vaccine shots injected ...
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Why don't we have mDNA vaccines?
There are two differences between as vector virus vaccines and mRNA vaccines.
One uses Adenovirus and the other uses Nano Lipid Particle(NLP) to deliver the gene material.
One has DNA for the ...
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Is AstraZeneca having better safety record than Pfizer or Moderna?
Recently, AstraZeneca vaccine got some bad press for few cases of blood clouts as side effect leading some countries to even suspend its use for people younger than 56 (see here).
I am not a medical ...
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Moderna vs Pfizer booster
What published studies exist to support the choice of Moderna or Pfizer booster? The only study I could very quickly find is below. The study seems a bit preliminary, exactly as it says on the tin. I ...
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If person got covid vaccine some time ago, should he get flu vaccine?
Say person got covid vaccine several months ago (say one of Chinese vaccines),
is it safe to get flu vaccine?
Best info I found was from CDC
While limited data exist on giving COVID-19 vaccines with ...
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Why did J&J go for one dose?
The latest news from the US is that the CDC & FDA recommend a booster shot after only two months following the "single dose" J&J vaccine.
Given the Fauci comment that J&J "...
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Are Covid-19 vaccines much more deadly than people (and scientists) think?
The other day I read this chart on an Italian newspaper article
I looked for the source, and I found only this tweet:
https://twitter.com/Drs4CovidEthics/status/1432193260949172230
from Doctors for ...
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Are vaccines much more deadly than people (and scientists) think?
In the response to the question Are Covid-19 vaccines much more deadly than people (and scientists) think? is mentioned that "Docs are instructed not to report deaths after a flu vaccine that are ...
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