Questions tagged [statistics]
The statistics tag has no usage guidance.
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How much does one night of reduced sleep impair immune function?
I just watched the Sleep is your superpower TED talk by Prof. Matt Walker. In that video, he claims that 1 night of sleeping only 4 hours reduces natural killer cell activity by 70%.
My first ...
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How many patients have been diagnosed by doctors as having allergies?
This is a followup to another question.
I propose a method of getting an upper bound on the number of people who have received a doctor's diagnosis of having an allergy. This would include any form of ...
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What percent of doctors are qualified to do surgeries in US?
I am looking for a rough estimation of how many doctors are qualified to do surgeries. Google searching with this prompt and variations of it, have found me no reliable sources. The only one I could ...
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What are the most age-invariant causes of death?
Which causes of death have the most (roughly) constant incidence rate among all age groups, and what are the mechanisms whereby those causes of death have this property? (Any answer can of course look ...
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How to interpret the statistical results from a medical study
I would greatly appreciate help in understanding the significance of the snippet below copied from a study at the link below.
"Compared with participants eating three meals per day, the ...
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How to interpret injury rates published in a sports medicine journal?
In the following article abstract: 200-400m breaststroke event dominate among knee overuse injuries in elite swimming athletes the authors indicate
Overuse injuries (0.22 / 1000 h) were more frequent ...
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Does this paper report miscalculated metrics?
During a literature search I stumbled upon this paper, which evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for the detection of gallstones (compared to the gold standard cholecystectomy).
Their ...
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What percentage of USA have a 'dangerous' STI
After a quick google search I found that 1 out of 5 people in the USA are estimated to have an STD, which seems like allot!
However, the vast majority of those are HPV, and if vaccinated I don't think ...
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Workable statistics about diagnoses per disease / country / year
I'm looking for data/stats related to the number of diagnoses (per year) (per country) (per disease) at least from 2000 up to 2020/2021 for major diseases (like the 5-10 most related to deaths WW). ...
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Does this infographic show that masks increased the transmission of COVID-19 in Los Angeles County?
As the title says, my father alleges that this graph shows that masks have increased COVID-19 rates. Does the graph prove this relationship, or is this just a faulty correlation?
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Is it true that surgery for cancer can cause the cancer to spread? [closed]
This cancer.org article says:
You may have heard that surgery for cancer can cause the cancer to spread. It's very rare for surgery to cause cancer to spread. Advances in equipment used during ...
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CDC - Severity of Disease Among Adults Hospitalized - Covid
The cdc published
Severity of Disease Among Adults Hospitalized with
Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Before and During the Period of
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta) Predominance — COVID-NET, 14 States,
...
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What is the lifetime incidence for tendinopathy for regular humans?
I wonder what the lifetime incidence is for tendinopathy for regular humans (e.g., not only athletes).
What I have found so far:
I found the lifetime incidence for Achilles tendinopathy in {1}:
The ...
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What is the difference between lifetime incidence and cumulative lifetime incidence?
I read on https://lermagazine.com/article/achilles-experts-ponder-effects-of-heel-elevation:
In athletes, Achilles tendinopathy has a prevalence of 19% and a cumulative lifetime incidence of 24%. ...
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Are vaccines much more deadly than people (and scientists) think?
In the response to the question Are Covid-19 vaccines much more deadly than people (and scientists) think? is mentioned that "Docs are instructed not to report deaths after a flu vaccine that are ...
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What kills more people worldwide each year, cold or heat?
What kills more people worldwide each year, cold or heat?
https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Which-Kills-More-People-Extreme-Heat-or-Extreme-Cold
The above article points out that in the USA, NOAA says ...
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Are Covid-19 vaccines much more deadly than people (and scientists) think?
The other day I read this chart on an Italian newspaper article
I looked for the source, and I found only this tweet:
https://twitter.com/Drs4CovidEthics/status/1432193260949172230
from Doctors for ...
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How are the FPR and FNR estimated for a new diagnostic test?
Let's consider a case of a test for presence/absence of a viral infection. When we have certainty as to whether a specific individual is carrying the virus, it is easy to estimate the False Positive ...
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Did the NIH study find Moderna - Moderna gave more antibodies than Moderna-Pfizer?
An NIH study studied the efficacy of different combinations of Covid-19 vaccines in terms of the level of antibodies produced. Dr. Rob Swanda tweeted out a chart summarizing the results:
So it seems ...
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Cardiac events/Myocardial infarction from 1 clinic or 1 large city daily data
Requesting help in finding a DAILY data about cardiac events/myocardial infarction from 1 clinic or 1 large city, i.e. day by day number of events for at least a month.
It is very easy to find this ...
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Verify/calculate VE from study data
I’m trying to calculate the vaccine efficacy of a study in an effort to understand a bit more about the field but I can’t get to their result.
Here’s what I’m doing:
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What is the current consensus on COVID-19's infection fatality rate?
I've been looking for a solid, commonly accepted range of plausible COVID-19 infection fatality rate numbers. I'd expect this to be somewhat easily found on the CDC's or WHO's website, but I've come ...
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Do any studies on 'Long COVID' compare to a control group?
This study, which is citied in a Harvard Health article on Long COVID, shows that ~55% of people suffered fatigue 6 weeks after having COVID-19:
But it doesn't compare against the prevalence of '...
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What is causing recent increase in R00-R99 deaths?
US CDC publishes provisional counts of deaths by select causes. This year, weekly deaths associated with ICD-10 codes R00-R99 increased from approximately 600 to more than 3,000. Those codes ...
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Concentration of an antibiotic in blood with time: How different is it between different persons?
As a complete outsider to medical sciences, biology, chemistry, etc, I was being curious about the usual prescriptions, when taking antibiotics, of spacing the pills by 8 hours, which at least in my ...
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What is the incidence and the prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic tendinopathies for the tendons in the buttock, thigh and iliac regions?
What is the incidence and the prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic tendinopathies for each tendon in the buttock, thigh and iliac regions?
What I have found so far for yearly symptomatic ...
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Efficacy and costs of medical treatments
There is an easy to grasp formula which combines the efficacy and the costs of a medical treatment, however these may be determined. I wonder if this formula (and the approach) has a name, and which ...
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Meaning of "There was no assessment of the types or effectiveness of risk factor controls over time in reducing stroke odds"
From a news article titled Having OCD May Triple a Person's Odds for a Stroke:
Dr. Larry Goldstein, chairman of the University of Kentucky department of neurology in Lexington, reviewed the study ...
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Radiological Phantom Studies - Sampling with no People
I am writing a critical appraisal regarding a radiological study using an anthropomorphic imaging phantom. The phantom is constructed of materials that mimic human tissue but negate the need to ...
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Why does San Marino have the most total deaths per million and a CFR of 1.8%?
Is there any way that one could explain the following?
San Marino has the most total deaths per million and a CFR of 1.8%.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is currently 8th for the most total deaths per million ...
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Is there any live tracker following the adverse events for COVID-19 vaccines?
I have seen a few trackers for the vaccination campaign:
https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/covid-vaccine-tracker-global-distribution/
https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations
https://www....
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What are the most common ways that COVID kills?
Looking at the death counts for 2020 published on the CDC's website, total deaths "involving COVID-19" were 375,581, but total deaths "involving COVID-19 and pneumonia" were only ...
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Why do weekly deaths in the UK dramatically decrease during the end of December / beginning of January?
Looking at the weekly death statistics or the UK (something a few of us may have started the morbid habit of doing), I noticed an interesting phenomenon which seems to happen every year.
The reports ...
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Is there a term for "average time to transmit" in epidemiology?
The effective reproduction number gives us the average number of people an infected person will transmit a disease to. Though Rt doesn't include a time dimension, perhaps related would be the average ...
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What are the pitfalls using the standard vaccine effectiveness calculation process if applied to reinfectivity observations?
Phase 3 clinical trials for Covid-19 vaccines have been completed, and the "effectiveness" values have been made available. The trials involved a placebo arm, such that if the vaccine were ...
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What does it mean for a vaccine to be "90% effective"? [duplicate]
It seems like a stupid question: does it "just" mean that 90% of the population won't be infected? But if only 10% of the population would have been infected without the vaccine, then it's ...
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BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine efficacy after 1st dose - explain the statistics
Pfizer's paper (Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine) published recently states the following in the Efficacy subsection of the Results section:
Between the first dose and the ...
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Why the mismatch between the EUROMOMO mortality rate and 'COVID-19 second wave' positive tests and hospitalizations?
Currently (September/October 2020) there is a large increase in the percentage of COVID-19 tests that come out positive, at least in several countries in Europe. And, at least in the Netherlands, ...
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How did WHO estimate the number of suspected worldwide COVID-19 cases?
A couple of days ago World Health Organization said that around 780 million people worldwide (or one in ten people worldwide) are suspected to have had COVID-19. (One in 10 worldwide may have had ...
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What is the statistical power required for COVID-19 vaccine trials?
Clinical research selects the number of subjects under treatment based on desired statistical power (i.e. the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when the null is in effect false, given a ...
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Are there already statistics about the spread of common viral diseases in the Covid-19 pandemic era?
Are there already public statistics regarding the spread of other viral diseases since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, and the application of mandatory protection rules (e.g. protection masks, ...
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How many of those exposed to COVID-19 get infected?
Statistically, from 100 people exposed to the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, how many get infected?
Say for example in the USA.
Since they talk about exposed people, then such cases should be ...
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Why is the lifetime prevalence of depression lower than the point prevalence? Figures from a study
From an article titled "Prevalence of Depression in the Community from 30 Countries between 1994 and 2014 (Lim et al., Scientific Reports, 2018)":
A random-effects model meta-analysis that ...
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Is there solid data whether abandoning information technology in healthcare increases adverse events or errors made?
Hello fellow scientists,
I work in a hospital where a lot of processes are digitalized (e.g., electronic health records, QR-code assisted workflow for prescribing medication etc.). I am looking for ...
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The placebo effect [closed]
Is it possible to eliminate the groups of placebos in all those clinical trials that have a precision medicine nature? Since if it is precision medicine, it is supposed to cure 100% of those affected ...
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How sophisticated were efforts to track the spread of past pandemics for public information?
I am currently inquiring into the COVID Tracking Project for a first-year university course. I would like to give some historical context, i.e. past attempts at pandemic tracking.
Searching the web ...
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Total number of deaths in the USA before COVID-19 and in 2020?
I would like to compare before and after COVID-19. I want to know if there was a raise, how high, and if there was a shift from other causes to COVID-19.
The media is very biased and only reports the ...
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Why does the world-wide COVID-19 death rate appear to be constant?
Total confirmed COVID-19 deaths per million people
One would normally expect the total deaths to be growing exponentially (going viral) or to be damping down and approaching a constant (zero new ...
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What does it mean, that an epidemic curve is truncated at the level of diagnostic efficiency?
Recently I've heard in one interview with a Professor of Epidemiology, that in my country the epidemic curve of COVID-19 is not flattened (contrary to popular opinion), but rather is truncated at the ...
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Why is the reported number of COVID-19 deaths lower on Sundays and Mondays in the US?
I was looking at the Daily Deaths from COVID-19 from Worldometers and I noticed that the number is always lower on Sundays and Mondays.
Why is that? Am I interpreting the graphs correctly?
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