Questions tagged [pathophysiology]
The biochemical, molecular, and physiologic mechanisms that cause disease.
27
questions
20
votes
2answers
363 views
Is HIV the cause of AIDS?
That HIV causes AIDS always seemed like an obvious fact to me, this seemed to be the widely accepted opinion. But just now I found the article "Questioning the HIV-AIDS hypothesis: 30 years of dissent"...
9
votes
1answer
109 views
Does skeletal muscle injury cause hypertrophy or atrophy?
In the following diagram from the Love and Bailey textbook I see that injury causes a decrease in hypertrophy due to a decrease in the expression of IGF-1. Here Love and Bailey consider a skeletal ...
7
votes
3answers
40k views
What's the difference between etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, pathophysiology and epidemiology?
Most of my searches either end up explaining any of the above words in terms of the other four, or explaining the concept in simple words in such a way that makes it difficult to see the difference ...
7
votes
1answer
76 views
Will reading in dim light damage my eyes?
People keep saying that it is important to have adequate light when reading, because reading in dim light will damage your eyes. Is this true and why?
4
votes
1answer
96 views
Advanced lung cancer spreading areas
Lung cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer in the world (1).
According to Cancer Research Uk (2), advanced stages of lung cancer can spread to other parts of the body.
The most ...
4
votes
0answers
313 views
Mechanisms that causes prominent veins during physical exercise
I have just read this article about why veins become prominent while exercising: Why do veins pop out when exercising, and is that good or bad?
I have some questions about this:
The article ...
3
votes
1answer
184 views
Reason for different blood glucose values in left and right hand
Almost everytime I measure the blood glucose levels in both right and left hands there's always a difference of 10-20mg/dL. When I first noticed this, I tried using on different individuals, but for ...
3
votes
0answers
12 views
Why oligohydramnios leads to hypoplasia of lung?
What I found for the question is that due to -
Oligohydramnios reduces the intrathoracic cavity size, thus disrupting fetal lung growth and leading to pulmonary hypoplasia.
decreased fetal breathing ...
3
votes
0answers
39 views
English-language term for “productive vasculitis”
I'm translating a Russian text that gives a description of necropsy results. It mentions "productive vasculitis":
Š”Š¾ŃŃŠ“Ń Š²Š¾ŠŗŃŃŠ³ ŃŃŠ°ŃŃŠŗŠ° Š³ŃŠ°Š½ŃŠ»ŠµŠ¼Š°ŃŠ¾Š·Š½Š¾Š³Š¾ Š²Š¾ŃŠæŠ°Š»ŠµŠ½ŠøŃ Ń ŠæŃŠøŠ·Š½Š°ŠŗŠ°Š¼Šø ŠæŃŠ¾Š“ŃŠŗŃŠøŠ²Š½Š¾Š³Š¾ ...
3
votes
0answers
79 views
40 y/o woman admitted with ARDS but normal values
Second year medical student asking:
A 40 year old woman is admitted to the ICU with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to a life threatening case of pneumonia.
Her respiratory values are as ...
2
votes
1answer
243 views
Afterload during Cardiac failure?
So one of the clinical signs of Cardiac insufficiency is a low blood pressure, and to treat cardiac insufficiency we try to decrease the Afterload.
what I don't get is that the Afterload is defined as ...
1
vote
1answer
150 views
Best books for understanding pathophysiology
Please recommend some books on advanced pathophysiology that are accurate and simple.
1
vote
1answer
32 views
What is the difference between lipohyalinosis and microatheroma?
Lacunar strokes (small-vessel subcortical strokes) are commonly caused by "lipohyalinosis" or "microatheroma"(1). Both mechanisms appear to be related to hypertension and diabetes, ...
1
vote
0answers
11 views
Why proximal muscle weakness improves in Lambert- Eaton syndrome with isometric contraction?
Lambert Eaton has antibodies to presynaptic calcium VGC(voltage gated channel).
So how does doing an isometric (or any other type of contraction) will improve weakness, what will be pathophysiology?
...
1
vote
0answers
13 views
What happens to ICF in primary aldosteronism?
There is contradictory information in my two textbooks,
As per Kaplan Physiology 2018,
There is gain of isotonic fluid, because aldosteronism cause Na+ retention and water follow, so osmolality ...
1
vote
0answers
37 views
Atlas of pathology / morbid anatomy. Is there any?
Is there any atlas which have Human's fresh pathological gross specimen with their segmental cut-sections of different tissues? Why fresh! the reason is after embalming any tissues, organs changes ...
1
vote
0answers
12 views
Do people from sunnier parts of the world show accelerated aging?
A lot of medical evidence seems to point to there being a link between sun exposure and skin aging. Would this mean that on average, a 30-year-old from Arizona would have more wrinkles and uneven skin ...
1
vote
0answers
29 views
What mechanisms of action plausibly explain the correlation between SIBO and a CRC?
Doctors who treat gut conditions have found that Small Intestinal Bacteria Overgrowth (SIBO) and Candida-Related-Complexes (CRC) often occur in the same people, but as far as I am aware, which, if ...
1
vote
0answers
17 views
Food diary as diagnostic aid
If I was interested in cataloguing eating habits for the purpose of shedding light on what seems to be a bowel disorder or dysfunction caused primarily, but not exclusively, by ingested food (or the ...
1
vote
1answer
41 views
Is vitamin D a very passive xenogenic factor to major depressive disorder?
Are the biosynthesis, utilisation and catabolism systems of vitamin D, especially the pathways of neural cells' vitamin D response, altered by the pathophysiological condition of major depressive ...
0
votes
1answer
44 views
What's the resson the skin looks bluish when having cyanosis?
What's the reason the skin looks blue when having cyanosis? What's the relationship between lack of oxygen of the bluish appearance?
0
votes
1answer
44 views
Is it right to say that any syncope is a result of low perfusion to brain?
Is it right to say that always syncope is a result of low perfusion to brain, or low blood pressure?
(I know that there are a lot of secondary reasons such as vassovagal or cardiac issues, but if I ...
0
votes
0answers
15 views
Meningeal irritation in subarachnoid hemorrhage
Meningeal irritation, as indicated by features such as neck stiffness, is a common finding during subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, its pathophysiology is rather unclear to me. In particular, I do not ...
0
votes
0answers
12 views
The Roles of SSRIs and Neurotransmitters in Migraines
How do SSRIs alleviate migraine pain? Can anyone shed any light into the mechanism please? More broadly, I am interested in the roles of neurotransmitters in the cause and potential prevention of ...
0
votes
0answers
35 views
What specific factors give rise to the mortality rates depending on cancer type?
In my experience it is commonly communicated that certain types of cancer have a higher rate of mortality than others. For instance1, pancreatic cancer has a very poor prognosis while the prognosis ...
0
votes
0answers
15 views
Seeking a translation for Russian “Š³ŠµŠ¼Š¾ŃŃŠ°Š³ŠøŃŠµŃŠŗŠøŠ¹ Š²ŠµŠ½ŃŠøŠŗ” (hemorrhagic crown?), a feature observed in an infarct
According to the Russian classification of infarcts,
ŠŠ¾ ŃŠ²ŠµŃŃ ŠøŠ½ŃŠ°ŃŠŗŃ Š¼Š¾Š¶ŠµŃ Š±ŃŃŃ Š±ŠµŠ»ŃŠ¼ (ŃŠµŠ»ŠµŠ·ŠµŠ½ŠŗŠ°, Š³Š¾Š»Š¾Š²Š½Š¾Š¹ Š¼Š¾Š·Š³), Š±ŠµŠ»ŃŠ¼ Ń Š³ŠµŠ¼Š¾ŃŃŠ°Š³ŠøŃŠµŃŠŗŠøŠ¼ Š²ŠµŠ½ŃŠøŠŗŠ¾Š¼ (ŃŠµŃŠ“ŃŠµ, ŠæŠ¾ŃŠŗŠø) Šø ŠŗŃŠ°ŃŠ½ŃŠ¼ (Š³ŠµŠ¼Š¾ŃŃŠ°Š³ŠøŃŠµŃŠŗŠøŠ¼). ...
0
votes
0answers
11 views
Cavocaval anastomosis via vv. epigastrica superficiales et thoracoepigastrica
(I ask you to pardon me for wrong terms because I am not studying medicine in english)
I've read that the v. porta superior is connected with the v. porta inferior via a cavocaval anastomosis through ...
